#!/bin/bash
#
# Developed by Fred Weinhaus 6/1/2014 .......... revised 4/25/2015
#
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 
# Licensing:
# 
# Copyright © Fred Weinhaus
# 
# My scripts are available free of charge for non-commercial use, ONLY.
# 
# For use of my scripts in commercial (for-profit) environments or 
# non-free applications, please contact me (Fred Weinhaus) for 
# licensing arrangements. My email address is fmw at alink dot net.
# 
# If you: 1) redistribute, 2) incorporate any of these scripts into other 
# free applications or 3) reprogram them in another scripting language, 
# then you must contact me for permission, especially if the result might 
# be used in a commercial or for-profit environment.
# 
# My scripts are also subject, in a subordinate manner, to the ImageMagick 
# license, which can be found at: http://www.imagemagick.org/script/license.php
# 
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 
####
#
# USAGE: kuwahara [-d dimension] [-m method] [-s smoothing] infile outfile
# USAGE: kuwahara [-h or -help]
#
# OPTIONS:
#
# -d     dimension     square window dimension; integer>=2; default=3
# -m     method        method of processing; 1=mean, 2=gaussian mean, 3=median
#                      default=2
# -s     smoothing     smoothing factor for method 2; float>=1; nominal 
#                      between 1 and 2; default=1
#
###
#
# NAME: KUWAHARA 
# 
# PURPOSE: To apply a Kuwahara type edge preserving noise reduction filter to an image.
# 
# DESCRIPTION: KUWAHARA applies a Kuwahara type edge preserving noise
# reduction filter to an image. The basic Kuwahara filter does the following.
# For each pixel in the image, the four diagonal neighboring square sized
# windows (northwest, northeast, southeast and soutwest) that overlap with the
# pixel at their corners are processed to get their mean and standard
# deviation. The output image has the corresponding pixel filled with the mean
# of the four window that has the smallest standard deviation, i.e. the
# smoothest window. I have modified this approach in several ways. First, I
# use the eight neighboring windows that overlap the pixel coordinate
# (northwest, north, northeast, east, southeast, south, southwest and west).
# Second, I allow three different methods to compute the mean and standard
# deviation. Method 1 uses a square uniformly weighted mean and corresponding
# standard deviation. This is the traditional approach. Method 2 uses a
# circular Gaussian weighted mean within the square window and corresponding
# standard deviation. Method 3 uses the circular Gaussian weighted approach to
# compute the standard deviation, but uses a square window median value.
# 
# OPTIONS: 
#
# -d dimension ... DIMENSION is the square window dimension. Values are 
# integer>=2. Nominal values are in the range of 2 to 4. The default=3. 
# Values larger than 4 may cause jagged, flat regions.
# 
# -m method ... METHOD is the method of processing. The choices are: 1=mean, 
# 2=gaussian mean, 3=median. The default=2.
# 
# -s smoothing ... SMOOTHING is the smoothing factor for method 2 only. Values 
# are float>=1. Nominal values are between 1 and 2. The default=1. The larger 
# the value the more smoothing.
#
# References:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwahara_filter
# 
# CAVEAT: No guarantee that this script will work on all platforms, 
# nor that trapping of inconsistent parameters is complete and 
# foolproof. Use At Your Own Risk. 
# 
######
#

# set default values
dimension=3		# square window dimension
method=2		# 1=mean, 2=gaussian mean, 3=median
smoothing=1		# smoothing factor for method 2; float>1; nominal between 1 and 2


# set directory for temporary files
tmpdir="/tmp"


# set up functions to report Usage and Usage with Description
PROGNAME=`type $0 | awk '{print $3}'`  # search for executable on path
PROGDIR=`dirname $PROGNAME`            # extract directory of program
PROGNAME=`basename $PROGNAME`          # base name of program
usage1() 
	{
	echo >&2 ""
	echo >&2 "$PROGNAME:" "$@"
	sed >&2 -e '1,/^####/d;  /^###/g;  /^#/!q;  s/^#//;  s/^ //;  4,$p' "$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME"
	}
usage2() 
	{
	echo >&2 ""
	echo >&2 "$PROGNAME:" "$@"
	sed >&2 -e '1,/^####/d;  /^######/g;  /^#/!q;  s/^#*//;  s/^ //;  4,$p' "$PROGDIR/$PROGNAME"
	}


# function to report error messages
errMsg()
	{
	echo ""
	echo $1
	echo ""
	usage1
	exit 1
	}


# function to test for minus at start of value of second part of option 1 or 2
checkMinus()
	{
	test=`echo "$1" | grep -c '^-.*$'`   # returns 1 if match; 0 otherwise
    [ $test -eq 1 ] && errMsg "$errorMsg"
	}

# test for correct number of arguments and get values
if [ $# -eq 0 ]
	then
	# help information
   echo ""
   usage2
   exit 0
elif [ $# -gt 8 ]
	then
	errMsg "--- TOO MANY ARGUMENTS WERE PROVIDED ---"
else
	while [ $# -gt 0 ]
		do
			# get parameter values
			case "$1" in
		  -h|-help)    # help information
					   echo ""
					   usage2
					   exit 0
					   ;;
				-d)    # get dimension
					   shift  # to get the next parameter
					   # test if parameter starts with minus sign 
					   errorMsg="--- INVALID DIMENSION SPECIFICATION ---"
					   checkMinus "$1"
					   dimension=`expr "$1" : '\([0-9]*\)'`
					   [ "$dimension" = "" ] && errMsg "--- DIMENSION=$dimension MUST BE AN INTEGER ---"
		   			   testA=`echo "$dimension < 1" | bc`
					   [ $testA -eq 1 ] && errMsg "--- DIMENSION=$dimension MUST BE AN INTEGER GREATER THAN 1 ---"
					   ;;
				-m)    # get method
					   shift  # to get the next parameter
					   # test if parameter starts with minus sign 
					   errorMsg="--- INVALID METHOD SPECIFICATION ---"
					   checkMinus "$1"
					   method=`expr "$1" : '\([0-9]*\)'`
					   [ "$method" = "" ] && errMsg "--- METHOD=$method MUST BE AN INTEGER ---"
					   testA=`echo "$method > 3" | bc`
					   testB=`echo "$method < 1" | bc`
					   [ $testA -eq 1 -o $testB -eq 1 ] && errMsg "--- METHOD=$method MUST BE AN INTEGER BETWEEN 1 AND 3 ---"
					   ;;
				-s)    # get smoothing
					   shift  # to get the next parameter
					   # test if parameter starts with minus sign 
					   errorMsg="--- INVALID SMOOTHING SPECIFICATION ---"
					   checkMinus "$1"
					   smoothing=`expr "$1" : '\([.0-9]*\)'`
					   [ "$smoothing" = "" ] && errMsg "--- SMOOTHING=$smoothing MUST BE A FLOAT ---"
		   			   testA=`echo "$smoothing < 1" | bc`
					   [ $testA -eq 1 ] && errMsg "--- SMOOTHING=$smoothing MUST BE A FLOAT GREATER OR EQUAL TO 1 ---"
					   ;;
				 -)    # STDIN and end of arguments
					   break
					   ;;
				-*)    # any other - argument
					   errMsg "--- UNKNOWN OPTION ---"
					   ;;
		     	 *)    # end of arguments
					   break
					   ;;
			esac
			shift   # next option
	done
	#
	# get infile, outfile
	infile="$1"
	outfile="$2"
fi

# test that infile provided
[ "$infile" = "" ] && errMsg "--- NO INPUT FILE SPECIFIED ---"

# test that outfile provided
[ "$outfile" = "" ] && errMsg "--- NO OUTPUT FILE SPECIFIED ---"


dir="$tmpdir/KUWAHARA.$$"

mkdir "$dir" || errMsg "--- FAILED TO CREATE TEMPORARY FILE DIRECTORY ---"
trap "rm -rf $dir;" 0
trap "rm -rf $dir; exit 1" 1 2 3 15
trap "rm -rf $dir; exit 1" ERR


# read input image
convert -quiet "$infile" $dir/tmpI.miff ||
echo  "--- FILE $infile DOES NOT EXIST OR IS NOT AN ORDINARY FILE, NOT READABLE OR HAS ZERO SIZE  ---"

# get image dimensions
ww=`identify -ping -format "%w" $dir/tmpI.miff`
hh=`identify -ping -format "%h" $dir/tmpI.miff`

# set up sigma
if [ $method -eq 2 ]; then
	sigma=`convert xc: -format "%[fx:$smoothing*($dimension-1)/2]" info:`
elif [ $method -eq 3 ]; then
	sigma=`convert xc: -format "%[fx:($dimension-1)/2]" info:`
fi

# set up method
if [ $method -eq 1 ]; then
	proc1="-statistic mean ${dimension}x${dimension}"
	proc2=$proc1
elif [ $method -eq 2 ]; then
	proc1="-blur 0x$sigma"
	proc2=$proc1
elif [ $method -eq 3 ]; then
	proc1="-statistic median ${dimension}x${dimension}"
	proc2="-blur 0x$sigma"
fi


# process to get mean/std or median/std; both are labeled M/S
convert $dir/tmpI.miff \
	\( -clone 0 $proc1 +write $dir/tmpM.miff \) \
	\( -clone 0 -colorspace gray $proc2 \) \
	\( -clone 0 -clone 0 -colorspace gray -compose multiply -composite $proc2 \) \
	\( -clone 2 -clone 2 -compose multiply -composite \) \
	-delete 0,1,2 +swap -compose minus -composite -evaluate pow 0.5 $dir/tmpS.miff

# shift to eight neighbor offsets
shift=$(((dimension-1)/2))
#echo "shift=$shift"

# mean
# northwest
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 ${shift},${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpM1.miff
# northeast
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -${shift},${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpM2.miff
# southeast
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -${shift},-${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpM3.miff
# southwest
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 ${shift},-${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpM4.miff
# north
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 0,${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpM5.miff
# east
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -${shift},0" +repage $dir/tmpM6.miff
# south
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 0,-${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpM7.miff
# west
convert $dir/tmpM.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 ${shift},0" +repage $dir/tmpM8.miff


# std
# northwest
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 ${shift},${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpS1.miff
# northeast
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -${shift},${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpS2.miff
# southeast
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -${shift},-${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpS3.miff
# southwest
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 ${shift},-${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpS4.miff
# north
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 0,${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpS5.miff
# east
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -${shift},0" +repage $dir/tmpS6.miff
# south
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 0,-${shift}" +repage $dir/tmpS7.miff
# west
convert $dir/tmpS.miff -distort SRT "0,0 1 0 ${shift},0" +repage $dir/tmpS8.miff


# find smallest std 
convert \
	$dir/tmpS1.miff $dir/tmpS2.miff $dir/tmpS3.miff $dir/tmpS4.miff \
	$dir/tmpS5.miff $dir/tmpS6.miff $dir/tmpS7.miff $dir/tmpS8.miff \
	-evaluate-sequence min $dir/tmpSMIN.miff
	
# compare std to min std and select appropriate mean
test=`convert xc: -format "%[fx:$dimension%2]" info:`
if [ "$test" = "0" -a "$method" != "2" ]; then 
	convert -respect-parenthesis $dir/tmpSMIN.miff \
		\( $dir/tmpS1.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM1.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS2.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM2.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS3.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM3.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS4.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM4.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS5.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM5.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS6.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM6.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS7.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM7.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS8.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM8.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		-delete 0 -background black -compose over -flatten \
		-distort SRT "0,0 1 0 -0.5,-0.5" \
		"$outfile"
else
	convert -respect-parenthesis $dir/tmpSMIN.miff \
		\( $dir/tmpS1.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM1.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS2.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM2.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS3.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM3.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS4.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM4.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS5.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM5.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS6.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM6.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS7.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM7.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		\( $dir/tmpS8.miff -clone 0 -compose difference -composite -threshold 0 -negate \
			$dir/tmpM8.miff +swap -alpha off -compose copy_opacity -composite \) \
		-delete 0 -background black -compose over -flatten \
		"$outfile"
fi


exit 0